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Blockade of Africa
The Blockade of Africa began in 1807 when Britain outlawed the Atlantic slave trade, making it illegal for British ships to transport slaves. The Royal Navy immediately established a presence off Africa to enforce the ban, called the West Africa Squadron. Although the ban initially applied only to British ships, Britain negotiated treaties with other countries to give the Royal Navy the right to intercept and search their ships for slaves. A notable exception was the United States, which refused such permission. An 1807 Act of Congress technically abolished the intercontinental slave trade in the United States but the ban was not widely enforced and many of the slave ships which escaped the blockade were destined for the southern United States. Some effort by the United States Navy was made to prevent the slave trade. This mostly consisted of patrols of the shores of the Americas and in the mid-Atlantic, the latter being largely unsuccessful due to the difficulty of intercepting ships in mid-ocean. As part of the Webster–Ashburton Treaty of 1842 it was agreed that both countries would work together on the abolition of the slave trade, which was deemed piracy, and to continue the blockade of Africa.
==United Kingdom involvement==
(詳細はSlave Trade Act of 1807 the Royal Navy set up the West Africa Squadron. Initially it consisted of two ships operating from Portsmouth. By 1818 the squadron had grown to six ships with a naval station established in 1819 at what is now Freetown and a supply base at Ascension Island, later moved to Cape Town in 1832.
The resources were further increased; in the middle of the 19th century there were around 25 vessels and 2,000 personnel with a further 1,000 local sailors.〔(The Royal Navy and the Battle to End Slavery ) Huw Lewis-Jones, BBC History〕 Between 1808 and 1860 the West Africa Squadron captured 1,600 slave ships and freed 150,000 Africans.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Royal Naval Museum )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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